Unveiling Principal’s Collaborative Leadership to Improve Teachers’ Competence: A Case Study in Primary School
Abstract
Objective: This study aimes at investigating collaborative leadership incorporated by the elementary principal in SD Negeri Penanggal 03 to improve teachers’ competence. Method: This study employs a qualitative case study. This study is conducted at SD Negeri Penanggal 03. There are one principal and four teachers employed as the research subjects. In collecting data, the researcher employes semi-structured interview. In addition, systemic stages are employed to ensure the validity of data obtained from the research instruments. Results: The findings showed that there has been influence of collaborative leadership in improving teachers’ competence. It showed that shared vision, communication, stakeholder involvement, respect, and shared responsibility indicating the effective collaborative leadership. In addition, the principal conducted collaborative supervision, teachers’ involvement, innovation in learning, and strengthening 21stcentury skills. Novelty: This study offered a novelty in presenting the conceptualized and practical collaborative leadership components and policies incorporated by the principal to increase teachers’ competence. In addition, the current study provided its novely in capturing reciprocal leadership policies emphasizing on the collaborative supervision, maximizing teachers involvement, innovation in learning, and strengthening 21st century skills.
Abstract View: 65 
PDF Download: 27
SIMILARITY CHECK Download: 5
References
Ahmad Rifai Siregar, Jodi Mahmud Siregar, Nadya Ramadhani, Nur Halimah Matondang, Arif Rahman, & Deny Setiawan. (2024). Exploration of the principal’s transformational leadership style in increasing teacher motivation. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(2), 1655–1662. https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.708 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.708
Alfaruqi, A. F., & Fahmi, N. N. (2025). Transformation of visionary and collaborative leadership styles in contributing publication innovation of madrasah aliyah. JMKSP: Jurnal Manajemen, Kepemimpinan, dan Supervisi Pendidikan, 10(1), 166–181. https://doi.org/10.31851/jmksp.v10i1.17724 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31851/jmksp.v10i1.17724
Alharbi, A. M. (2023). Implementation of education 5.0 in developed and developing countries: a comparative study. Creative Education, 14(05), 914–942. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2023.145059 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2023.145059
Aprianto, I., Astuti, A., Fauzi, H., & Gusvita, M. (2023). Analysis of the influence of managerial skills and the charisma of the school principal in improving performance and professionalism. JETL: Journal of Education Teaching and Learning, 8(1), 103–112. https://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v8i1.4444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v8i1.4444
Aryani, R. M., & Haryadi, R. (2023). Principals’ Implementation of Collaborative Leadership To Improve Learning Quality. EduFisika: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 8(1), 06–15. https://doi.org/10.59052/edufisika.v8i1.24602 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59052/edufisika.v8i1.24602
Bauman, A., & Lucy, C. (2021). Enhancing entrepreneurial education: Developing competencies for success. International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.03.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.03.005
Bissessar, C. (2014). Collaborative leadership and motivation as examples of education for all goals 1, 3, 4, and 6 at work in seven schools in Trinidad. Research in Comparative and International Education, 9(1), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2014.9.1.111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2014.9.1.111
Cahyanti, A. D., Purwoko, B., Khamidi, A., Hariyati, N., & Roesminingsih, E. (2024). Fostering Student Motivation Through Teacher Competence. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 751–758. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v5i1.846 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v5i1.846
Carstens, K. J., Mallon, J. M., Bataineh, M., & Al-Bataineh, A. (2021). Effects of Technology on Student Learning. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 20(1), 105–113. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1290791.pdf
Darling-Hammond, L., Schachner, A. C. W., Wojcikiewicz, S. K., & Flook, L. (2024). Educating teachers to enact the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 28(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2022.2130506 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2022.2130506
Ermita, E., Nelitawati, N., Jaya, I., & Ulfi, N. A. (2024). Analysis of the relationship between leadership style and teacher work motivation in vocational high schools. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(1), 500. https://doi.org/10.29210/020243427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29210/020243427
Fan, G., & Popkewitz, T. S. (2020). Handbook of education policy studies: Values, governance, globalization, and methodology, Volume 1. In Handbook of Education Policy Studies: Values, Governance, Globalization, and Methodology, Volume 1 (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8347-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8347-2
Firman, M., & Rifa’i, A. A. (2023). Leadership of the School Principle in Developing Teacher Professionality at SDIT Az-Zahra Sragen. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 6(2), 111–318. https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v6i2.29551 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v6i2.29551
Fitriah, F. (2023). The Strategy of the Principal in Improving Teacher Competence. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 4(3), 383–392. https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v4i3.571 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52690/jswse.v4i3.571
Gurion, S. Ben, & Limbong, M. (2025). The Influence of Teacher Competency and Educational Infrastructure on the Quality of Junior High School Education. 6(1), 30–43. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v6i1.11249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v6i1.11249
Hanggara, A., & Suhartini, C. (2024). The analysis of the principal’s leadership impact on teacher performance through teacher competence and compensation as mediator. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(2), 260. https://doi.org/10.29210/020242987 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29210/020242987
Hardani, Helmina Andriani, Jumari Ustiawaty, Evi Fatmi Utami, Ria Rahmatul Istiqomah, Roushandy Asri Fardani, Dhika Juliana Sukmana, N. H. A. (2020). Buku Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. In Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada (Vol. 5, Issue 1).
Harrison, H., Birks, M., Franklin, R., & Mills, J. (2017). Case study research: Foundations and methodological orientations. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung, 18(1), 5–6.
Herman, M., Andiriah, S., & Tauhid, A. B. (2022). The Effect of Principal’s Managerial Competence and Teacher Work Culture on Teacher Competence at Junior High Schools in Cilacap. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(3), 2737–2756. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i3.1472 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i3.1472
Hosna, R., & Fauzi, A. (2025). Building a culture of excellence : how principal supervision shapes professional teachers through collaborative leadership?. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 09(01), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v9i1.10340 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v9i1.10340
Hurley, T. J. (2011). Collaborative Leadership: Engaging Collective Intelligence To Achieve Results Across Organisational Boundaries. Oxford Leadership, 10/2011(October), 1–16. www.oxordleadership.com/october
Hyseni Duraku, Z., & Hoxha, L. (2021). Impact of Transformational and Transactional Attributes of School Principal Leadership on Teachers’ Motivation for Work. Frontiers in Education, 6(June), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.659919 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.659919
Indajang, K., Halim, F., Manajemen, P., & Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, S. (2021). Principal Leadership Contribution and Teacher Competence in Improving Teacher Performance. Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 5(3), 473–479. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JERE
Jayanagara, O. (2024). the Evolution of Leadership in the Modern Professional Landscape: Shifting Paradigms and Their Impacts. Feedforward: Journal of Human Resource, 4(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.19166/ff.v4i1.8198 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19166/ff.v4i1.8198
Juwita, R., & Rohayani, A. (2022). Perilaku Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru. Epistemic: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 1(1), 53–76. https://doi.org/10.70287/epistemic.v1i1.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.70287/epistemic.v1i1.4
Kekeya, J. (2009). Qualitative case study research design : the commonalities and differences between collective , intrinsic and instrumental case studies. 2008, 29–30.
Kilag, O. K. T., Uy, F. T., Abendan, C. F. K. (2023). Teaching leadership: an examination of best practices for leadership educators. Science and …, 4(7), 430–445. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/teaching-leadership-an-examination-of-best-practices-for-leadership-educators
Lasker, J., & McNaughtan, J. (2022). Similarities and Differences in the Structure and Interpretation of Empowerment and Job Satisfaction between Minority and Majority Faculty Members. International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.22230/ijepl.2022v18n2a1249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22230/ijepl.2022v18n2a1249
Leadership, C. (2025). Uniglobal of Journal Social Sciences and Humanities Collaborative Leadership and Teacher Autonomy : Drivers of School Improvement in Zhengzhou ’ s Vocational High Schools. 4, 38–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53797/ujssh.v4i1.5.2025
Maisyaroh, Imron, A., Burhanuddin, Juharyanto, Satria, R., & Puspitaningtyas, I. (2020). Implementation of Situational Leadership in Educational Organizations. 381(CoEMA), 73–77. https://doi.org/10.2991/coema-19.2019.17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/coema-19.2019.17
Margaret Elizabeth, V. (2017). Understanding the Perceptions of Principals and Teachers. Disertasi Universitas Drexel.
Miller, E. M., Porter, J. E., & Barbagallo, M. S. (2023). Simplifying Qualitative Case Study Research Methodology: A Step-By-Step Guide Using a Palliative Care Example. Qualitative Report, 28(8), 2363–2379. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6478 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6478
Mondal, B. (2020). Collaborative Leadership and its Impact on School Improvement: A Critical Analysis. International Journal of Current Research in Education, 4(March).
Mukaromah, K., Daryono, R. W., & Ghafar, M. (2024). The effects of principal leadership and teacher competence on the learning quality : Does the mediation of infrastructure matter?. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Education Research 5(4), 945–962. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i4.637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i4.637
Mulang, H., & HA, I. (2023). The Influence of Leadership Quality on Teachers’ Performance through Soft Skills and Teaching Creativity. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(3), 2874–2887. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.2861 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.2861
Nityasanti, N., Laila, A., Saida, A., Hanafi, M., & Yasin, M. (2025). 21st century learning : a research analysis of numeracy literacy trends among students. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Education Research, 6(1), 264–277. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v6i1.726 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v6i1.726
Nurhayati, I., Pramono, K. S. E., & Farida, A. (2024). Keterampilan 4C (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication And Collaboration) dalam Pembelajaran IPS untuk Menjawab Tantangan Abad 21. Jurnal Basicedu, 8(1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v8i1.6842 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v8i1.6842
Nuswantoro, P., Marsinah, M., iqbal , M., Elvi Rahmi, & Muhammad Bambang Purwanto. (2023). School Principal Leadership Style In Improving Teacher Professionalism. International Journal of Technology and Education Research, 1(02), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v1i02.305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v1i02.305
Palupiningsih, U., Fitria, H., & Wahidy, A. (2021). The Impact of Principal Academic Supervision and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education Universitas PGRI Palembang (INCoEPP 2021), 565(3), 585–598. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210716.166 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210716.166
Plaku, A. K., & Leka, K. (2025). The role of leaders in shaping school culture. Frontiers in Education, 10(March), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1541525 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1541525
Pratomo, H. W., & Kuswati, Y. (2022). The Effect of Teacher Motivation on Student Achievement in Islamic Senior High School. International Journal of Educational Qualitative Quantitative Research, 1(2), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.58418/ijeqqr.v1i2.17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58418/ijeqqr.v1i2.17
Rahmaniya, N., & Haryanto, L. (2024). JPK : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan JPK : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 01(03), 6–11.
Riani, S. S., & Ain, S. Q. (2022). The Role of School Principal in Implementing Education Quality Management. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 6(2), 204–211. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v6i2.45216 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v6i2.45216
Safrida, U. R., & Usman, N. (2025). Situational leadership in the era of independent learning : strategies for improving educational quality. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 09(01), 138–151. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v9i1.10281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v9i1.10281
Sahlin, S. (2023). Teachers Making Sense of Principals’ Leadership in Collaboration Within and Beyond School. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 67(5), 754–774. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2022.2043429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2022.2043429
Sakerani, Imron, A., Djatmika, E. T., & Arifin, I. (2019). The impact of principal leadership on teacher motivation and performance: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 9(10), 312–334.
Sumiyani, S., Hidayat, S., & Hasani, A. (2024). Does Principal Leadership Affect Teacher’s Performance? A Case of Junior High School Teachers in Tangerang. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(2), 402–411. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i2.575 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i2.575
Supadi, S. (2022). Principal Leadership: Responding to The Challenges of 21st Century Teacher Competence. AL-TANZIM: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 561–573. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v6i2.3529 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v6i2.3529
Susanto, D. L., Arafat, Y., & Wardiah, D. (2021). Leadership of the Principal in Improving the Competence of Teachers in Sekolah Dasar Negeri 5 Muara Telang, Banyuasin Regency. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education Universitas PGRI Palembang (INCoEPP 2021), 565(INCoEPP), 198–202. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210716.036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210716.036
Taherdoost, H. (2021). Data Collection Methods and Tools for Research; A Step-by-Step Guide to Choose Data Collection Technique for Academic and Business Research Projects Hamed Taherdoost. Data Collection Methods and Tools for Research; A Step-by-Step Guide to Choose Data Coll. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 2021(1), 10–38. https://hal.science/hal-03741847
Taş, H. (2022). The Acquisition Level of 21st Century Skills in the Primary Education 4th Grade Social Studies Curriculum. Education Quarterly Reviews, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.05.02.517 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.05.02.517
Thohirin, A., Roesminingsih, M. V., & Handayaningrum, W. (2024). Multi-Site Study of Principal Leadership Management in Building Superior Junior High Schools. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(4), 1054–1064. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i4.632 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i4.632
Toikka, T., & Tarnanen, M. (2024). A shared vision for a school: developing a learning community. Educational Research, 66(3), 295–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2024.2361412 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2024.2361412
Usman, N., & Jali, J. (2025). The Effectiveness Of The School Principal ’ s Managerial Supervision On The Quality Of School Education At The Junior High School Level. 10(1), 111–122. https://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v10i1.5539
Copyright (c) 2025 Wiwik Mundayati (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Abstract viewed = 65 times
PDF downloaded = 27 times
SIMILARITY CHECK downloaded = 5 times
