The Effectiveness of Interactive Multimedia “HEROKIDS” on Digital and Cultural Literacy: Reviewed from Students’ Cultural Interests and Frequency of Smartphone Use

  • 'Alia Nur Husna Afandi State University of Malang,  Indonesia
  • Riska Pristiani Universitas Negeri Malang,  Indonesia
  • Slamet Universitas Negeri Malang,  Indonesia
  • Shirly Rizki Kusumaningrum Universitas Negeri Malang,  Indonesia
Keywords: heritage, interactive multimedia, local wisdom, digital literacy, cultural literacy, cultural interests, smartphone use frequency, elementary school

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of HEROKIDS, an interactive multimedia application based on the local wisdom of Kediri Regency, in improving cultural and digital literacy among elementary school students. Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre test - post test approach involving 30 fourth-grade students from two public elementary schools in Kediri. Data were collected using validated multiple-choice tests for cultural literacy and structured observation sheets for digital literacy. Two learner-based moderator variables—cultural interest and smartphone usage frequency—were analyzed through median-split grouping. Statistical analyses were conducted using paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests. Results: The results indicate that HEROKIDS effectively enhances students’ literacies, as evidenced by a significant improvement in cultural literacy (N-gain = 0.81, p < 0.001) and digital literacy (N-gain = 0.63, p < 0.001). Cultural interest did not moderate the outcomes significantly (p = 0.677), suggesting that the intervention was equally effective regardless of students’ initial interest. In contrast, smartphone usage frequency showed a significant moderating effect (p = 0.001), with students who were more familiar with smartphones demonstrating higher gains. Novelty: This study introduces HEROKIDS as a culturally grounded interactive multimedia that not only improves essential 21st-century literacies but also demonstrates nuanced interaction with students’ digital habits. The integration of local cultural values within a digital platform, assessed alongside learner characteristics, offers new insights into how contextualized digital tools can support equitable and engaging literacy development in elementary education.

Abstract View: 4 PDF Download: 1 SIMILARITY CHECK Download: 1
Download data is not yet available.

References

Adeyele, V. O. (2024). Relative effectiveness of simulation games, blended learning, and interactive multimedia in basic science achievement of varying ability pupils. Education and Information Technologies, 29(11), 14451–14470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12414-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12414-z

Adiningsih, N. K. D. (2023). Pengembangan multimedia interaktif muatan IPS berpendekatan heutagogy berbasis kearifan lokal Bali sistem subak pada siswa kelas V sekolah dasar negeri Titab. Thesis. Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha.

Afandi, ’Alia Nur Husna, Kusumaningrum, S. R., Dewi, R. S. I., & Pristiani, R. (2024). Digital literacy questionnaire instrument: Based on the integration of elementary school students’ characteristics. International Journal of Elementary Education, 8(2). 344–353. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v8i2.76773 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v8i2.76773

Aka, K. A., Aprilia, H. M., Permana, E. P., & Afandi, Z. (2023). Natural resources utilization comic media based on local wisdom: Mount Kelud Kediri. International Journal of Elementary Education, 7(1), 124–133. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v7i1.53783 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v7i1.53783

Andersson, C. (2022). Smartphones and online search: Shifting frames in the everyday life of young people. Information and Learning Sciences, 123(7/8), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-03-2022-0025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-03-2022-0025

Astari, D. J., Banjarnahor, Y. Y., Sihite, L. M., & Batubara, A. (2024). Pendekatan pendidikan integratif dalam menanggulangi westernisasi pada generasi muda. Diksima, 1(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.47134/diksima.v1i2.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47134/diksima.v1i2.8

Caesar, D. L., Wachid, A., Dewi, E. R., Mubaroq, M. H., & Prasetyo, E. (2023). Edukasi dampak penggunaan smartphone pada remaja. Genitri Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Kesehatan, 2(1) 60-65. https://doi.org/10.36049/genitri.v2i1.114 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36049/genitri.v2i1.114

Dhanil, M., & Mufit, F. (2021). Design and validity of interactive multimedia based on cognitive conflict on static fluid using adobe animate CC 2019. Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, 7(2), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.21009/1.07210 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21009/1.07210

Domínguez, J. C. E., Munar, L. S., Andrea Castillo Beltrán, P., Alberto Peláez Ayala, C., Fernando Solano Alegría, A., & Alexis Ospina Galindez, J. (2025). Inclusive iteractive multimedia experiences in school contexts with learning analytics integration. IEEE Revista Iberoamericana de Tecnologias Del Aprendizaje, 20, 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1109/RITA.2025.3554712 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/RITA.2025.3554712

Dong, H., Qu, H., Liu, P., & Apuke, O. D. (2024). The effectiveness of using interactive visual multimedia technology intervention in improving the literacy skills of children in rural China. Learning and Motivation, 86, 101964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.101964 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.101964

Falimu. (2023). Konsep Dasar Literasi Budaya. In K. P. Lamadang (Ed.), Literasi budaya (1st ed., pp. 1–19). Adikarya Pratama Globalindo.

Genetic Counseling Cultural Competence Toolkit. (2009). Cultural immersion and genetic counseling. https://www.geneticcounselingtoolkit.com/cultural_immersion.htm

Gilster, P. (1997). Digital literacy. Wiley Computer Publishing.

Heynoek, F. P., Warda, H. H., & Kurniawan, R. (2022). The importance having fundamental basketball techniques mobile learning-based media. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-072-5_30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-072-5_30

Hidi, S., & Renninger, K. A. (2006). The four-phase model of interest development. Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep4102_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep4102_4

İlhan, A., Aslaner, R., & Yaşaroğlu, C. (2024). Development of digital literacy skills of 21st century mathematics teachers and prospective teachers through technology assisted education. Education and Information Technologies, 30(8), 10837–10862. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13283-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13283-w

Irmawan, I., Mering, A., & Astuti, I. (2022). The development of interactive learning multimedia based on the website for Mathematics’ subject in junior high school. Jetl (Journal of Education Teaching and Learning), 7(1), 108-119. https://doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v7i1.2709 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v7i1.2709

Kadarsih, I., & Fitria, Y. (2022). Implementation of learning using interactive multimedia based on android on theme 9 class V elementary school. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 6(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v6i1.41651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v6i1.41651

Kale, M., Deretarla Gül, E., & Tohma, M. (2023). Cultural literacy of preschool teachers teaching children from different cultures. Early Child Development and Care, 193(4), 506–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2022.2108025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2022.2108025

Kong, S. C. (2014). Developing information literacy and critical thinking skills through domain knowledge learning in digital classrooms: An experience of practicing flipped classroom strategy. Computers & Education, 78, 160–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.05.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.05.009

Kurniadi, B. B., Bukit, P., Tamba, M., & Sembiring, E. M. B. (2023). Kompetensi literasi digital siswa dalam pembelajaran daring di SMP Negeri 2 Kabanjahe. Academy of Education Journal, 14(1), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.47200/aoej.v14i1.1377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47200/aoej.v14i1.1377

Lestari, N. G. A. M. Y., Boeriswati, E., & Dhieni, N. (2024). Using interactive multimedia to stimulate early childhood students’ speaking skills: A systematic review. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 18(16), 174–196. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v18i16.47583 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v18i16.47583

Martín-García, T., Ortega-Mohedano, F., Marcos-Ramos, M., Sánchez-Holgado, P., Martín-Ledezma, A., & Benito, D. B. (2024). Use and consumption habits of children aged 7–15 years on smartphones in Spain, the crossroads revealed. Educational Media International, 61(4), 412–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2024.2436751 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2024.2436751

Mawardiningsih, W., & Mediantara, Y. (2021). Pengaruh Penggunaan Telepon Cerdas (Smartphone) Terhadap Interaksi Masyarakat Langsung Di Masa Pandemi Warga Dukuh Kapohan Karanganyar. Komunikata57. 2(2), 83-88. https://doi.org/10.55122/kom57.v2i2.302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55122/kom57.v2i2.302

Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2nd ed). Cambride University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811678

Minsih, M., Mujahid, I., Mukminin, A., & Helzi, H. (2025). The integration of culture literacy in strengthening the profile of Pancasila students in science learning for elementary schools. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 9(2), 609–618. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v9i2.41764 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v9i2.41764

Mungsoongnern, S., Chuenboon, A., Kitiarasa, N., Jiradilok, M., Pongprasertsin, S., Boonputtikorn, C., & Nittayathammakul, V. (2025). The Development of cloud-powered interactive multimedia using digital storytelling techniques on the 350th anniversary of the mission of Siam. Studies in Media and Communication, 13(1), 353-365. https://doi.org/10.11114/smc.v13i1.7177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/smc.v13i1.7177

Munir. (2015). Multimedia: Konsep dan Aplikasi dalam Pendidikan. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Nivetiken, Desyandri, D., Montessori, M., & Zainil, M. (2024). Validity of PBL-based interactive multimedia teaching material development using powerpoint in elementary school. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA. 10(5), 2752–2759. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.7006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.7006

Nurcahyani, I. I. (2022). Pengembangan bahan ajar kesenian Reog Kendang Tulungagung berbasis multimedia interaktif sebagai upaya pelestarian nilai kearifan lokal dan sumber belajar IPS. Thesis. Universitas Negeri Malang. https://repository.um.ac.id/263192/

Padmini, N. M. W., Widiana, I. W., & Rati, N. W. (2022). Mini web linktree berbasis kearifan lokal Bali untuk meningkatkan literasi budaya siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Multikultural Indonesia, 5(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpmu.v5i1.49632 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jpmu.v5i1.49632

Pribadi, B. A. (2017). Media dan Teknologi Dalam Pembelajaran. Prenadamedia Group. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=A-LJDwAAQBAJ

Putri Rangkuti, M. I., & Fakriza, M. (2024). Development of interactive learning applications for English subjects. Brilliance Research of Artificial Intelligence. 3(2), 485–493. https://doi.org/10.47709/brilliance.v3i2.3569 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47709/brilliance.v3i2.3569

Setyaningsih, R., Abdullah, A., Prihantoro, E., & Hustinawaty, H. (2019). Model penguatan literasi digital melalui pemanfaatan e-learning. Jurnal ASPIKOM, 3(6), 1200-1214. https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v3i6.333 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v3i6.333

Shopova, T. (2014). Digital literacy of students and its improvement at the university. Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 7(2), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2014.070201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2014.070201

Singh, R. (2022). Beyond cultural literacy: building introspective information professionals BT - information literacy in a post-truth era (S. Kurbanoğlu, S. Špiranec, Y. Ünal, J. Boustany, & D. Kos (eds.); pp. 730–740). Springer International Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99885-1_60

Siswoyo, A. A., Wijaya, B. R., & Nizar, R. C. (2023). Multimedia interaktif game edukasi terintegrasi kearifan lokal madura untuk menanamkan literasi budaya siswa sekolah dasar. Edukatif Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(6), 2879–2888.

Suwiantini, L. A., Jampel, I. N., & Astawan, I. G. (2021). Learn energy sources with interactive learning multimedia. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar. 5(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v5i1.35000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v5i1.35000

UNESCO. (2018). A global framework of reference on digital literacy skills for indicator 4.4.2. Information Paper No51, 51, 146. http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/ip51-global-framework-reference-digital-literacy-skills-2018-en.pdf. Consultado em 05fev2023, 17:45

Wahab, A., Sari, A. R., Zuana, M. M. M., Luturmas, Y., & Kuncoro, B. (2022). Penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui literasi digital sebagai strategi dalam menuju pembelajaran imersif era 4.0. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 4(5), 1707–1715. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v4i5.7373

Wahid, A., Kamin, Y., Sukri Syamsuri, A., Paida, A., Adiwijaya Latief, S., & Muhsin, A. (2024). The effect of critical literacy-based literature reading on critical thinking skills: A study on the first-year students in university. The International Journal of Literacies, 32(1), 53–73. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0136/CGP/v32i01/53-73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0136/CGP/v32i01/53-73

Webster, T. E., & Paquette, J. (2023). “My other hand”: The central role of smartphones and SNSs in Korean students’ lives and studies. Computers in Human Behavior, 138, 107447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107447 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107447

Welzer, T., Druzovec, M., Cafnik, P., Venuti, M. Z., & Jaakkola, H. (2010). Awareness of culture in e-learning. 2010 9th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), 312–315. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITHET.2010.5480083 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ITHET.2010.5480083

Wijayanto, I., & Suib, S. (2021). Hubungan penggunaan smartphone dengan intensitas interaksi sosial pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Jurnal Keperawatan Terpadu (Integrated Nursing Journal). 3(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.32807/jkt.v3i1.88 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32807/jkt.v3i1.88

World Economic Forum. (2015). New vision for education: Unlocking the potential of technology. New Vision for Education: Unlocking the Potencial of Technology, 1–32.

Yang, J., Shen, Q., Tong, X., & Mukhopadhaya, P. (2025). The impact of digital literacy in enhancing individuals’ health in China. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 364. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21454-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21454-8

Yuningsih, W., Permanasari, A., & Permana, I. (2022). Multimedia development of science learning based on science literacy on the theme of lightning. Journal of Science Education and Practice. 4(2), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.33751/jsep.v3i2.1722 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33751/jsep.v3i2.1722

Zulqadri, D. M., & Nurgiyantoro, B. (2023). Pengembangan multimedia interaktif berbasis web untuk meningkatkan literasi budaya dan literasi digital siswa kelas V SD/MI. JURNAL IPTEKKOM Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Informasi, 25(1), 103–120. https://doi.org/10.17933/iptekkom.25.1.2023.103-120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17933/iptekkom.25.1.2023.103-120

Published
2025-09-13
How to Cite
Afandi, ’Alia N. H., Pristiani, R., Slamet, S., & Kusumaningrum , S. R. (2025). The Effectiveness of Interactive Multimedia “HEROKIDS” on Digital and Cultural Literacy: Reviewed from Students’ Cultural Interests and Frequency of Smartphone Use. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 6(5), 1398-1417. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v6i5.941
Section
Articles
Abstract viewed = 4 times
PDF downloaded = 1 times SIMILARITY CHECK downloaded = 1 times