The Influence of the Character-Oriented Rambu Solo’ Ceremony-Based Learning Model (Purso) on Improving Learning Outcomes in Civics Education
Keywords:
Character Education, Rambu Solo’ Ceremony, PURSO Learning Model, Civics Education, Cultural-Based Learning, Learning Outcomes, Primary Education
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of the Character-Oriented Rambu Solo’ Ceremony-Based Learning Model (PURSO) on students’ learning outcomes in Civics Education. The integration of local cultural values into character education is considered essential to fostering moral, social, and cognitive development among elementary school students. Method:This study adopts a quasi-experimental design using a "true experimental design" with a post-test-only control group. The population consisted of 28 students at an elementary school in Toraja Regency during the 2024/2025 academic year. Using simple random sampling, two groups were selected: an experimental group taught using the PURSO model and a control group taught through conventional methods. Data collection was conducted using post-tests and questionnaires. Statistical analysis included normality and homogeneity tests, independent sample t-tests, and mastery learning tests. Results: The findings of this study revealed a significant difference in learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups. Students who received instruction through the PURSO character-oriented learning model achieved higher post-test scores. In the experimental group, 25 out of 28 students (89.29%) met the Minimum Completeness Criteria (MCC), whereas only 18 out of 28 students (64.29%) in the control group achieved the same standard. The independent samples t-test yielded a t-value of 4.32 with a significance level of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that the implementation of the PURSO learning model has a significant and positive impact on improving students' learning outcomes in Civics Education. Novelty: This research introduces a novel learning model by incorporating the cultural values of the Rambu Solo’ funeral ceremony into formal Civics Education. Unlike conventional models, PURSO enhances not only academic achievement but also character formation, making learning more contextual and culturally responsive
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References
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Herman, K. (2019). Character education for the 21st century: Theories, practices, and challenges. Journal of Educational Psychology, 51(3), 115–126.
Higgins-D'Alessandro, A., & Soder, J. (2001). Character education: A comprehensive guide for schools. Journal of Educational Leadership, 58(1), 22–26.
Indrawati, M. (2022). Karakter anak dalam konteks budaya lokal. Jurnal Psikologi Anak, 10(2), 80–92.
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Kurniawan, R. (2020). Pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis budaya lokal terhadap karakter siswa sekolah dasar di Toraja. Tesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Lapsley, D. K., & Narvaez, D. (2006). A social-cognitive approach to moral development. Moral Development and Reality.
Levinson, M. (2012). The moral and civic education of adolescents: A review of character education programs. Educational Psychologist, 47(1), 45–52.
Lickona, T. (2020). Character education: A new approach. Bantam Books.
Mulyani, R., & Syarif, M. (2021). Pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum nasional: Implementasi dan tantangan. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran, 14(3), 211–224.
Mulyana, D. (2020). Kearifan lokal dalam pendidikan karakter. Universitas Indonesia Press.
McGrath, C. (2020). Character education and social justice in the classroom. Journal of Moral Education, 38(2), 134–145.
McLaughlin, C., & Clarke, M. (2022). Education and cultural identity: The role of local culture in schools. International Journal of Education and Practice, 10(2), 118–131.
Miller, P. (2020). Theories of developmental psychology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Muhammad, R. (2022). Penerapan pendidikan karakter berbasis budaya lokal di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 15(2), 78–89.
Noddings, N. (2020). Character education and the role of culture. Educational Review, 72(1), 122–134.
Nasution, H. (2022). Integrasi nilai budaya dalam pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 17(2), 57–68.
Narvaez, D. (2019). The neurobiology of human development and moral character. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Narvaez, D. (2020). The neurobiology of human development and moral character. Cambridge University Press.
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Oxford University Press.
Piaget, J. (2019). The moral judgment of the child. Routledge.
Purnomo, H. (2020). Filosofi kehidupan orang Toraja dalam pendidikan karakter. Surabaya: Penerbit Media Press.
Pranata, D. (2022). Budaya dan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Budaya, 11(2), 34–44.
Prayitno, D. (2021). Budaya Toraja dalam perspektif pendidikan karakter. Makassar: Penerbit UMI Press.
Puskopdit, A. (2021). The role of local culture in curriculum development. Jakarta: Lembaga Pendidikan Nasional.
Sasmita, R. (2021). Integrasi nilai tradisional dalam kurikulum pendidikan. Artikel Pendidikan, 10(4), 134–142.
Santrock, J. W. (2021). Children's social development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Setiawan, M. (2020). Pendidikan nasional di Indonesia: Peran budaya dalam pembelajaran. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Slamet, A. (2020). The influence of cultural values on character development. Journal of Educational Research, 19(2), 220–230.
Smith, J. (2022). Learning strategies for character education. Educational Leadership, 49(1), 32–44.
Supriadi, D. (2022). Pengaruh pendidikan karakter terhadap perkembangan sosial anak. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 15–23.
Suyadi, A., & Wahyuni, D. (2023). Penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui integrasi nilai budaya lokal di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 9(1), 45–56.
Suyadi, M., & Wahyuni, S. (2023). Pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar: Pembentukan sikap positif untuk kehidupan sosial yang harmonis. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 8(4), 56–65.
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Widyastuti, E. (2023). Budaya lokal dan pendidikan karakter: Menumbuhkan identitas budaya pada siswa. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Widyastuti, S. (2023). Peran budaya lokal dalam pembentukan karakter anak di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 10(3), 112–124.
Yusuf, H. (2021). Penerapan nilai-nilai budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran karakter di sekolah. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 14(1), 45–59.
Zuhdi, M. (2020). Pendidikan karakter dengan pendekatan budaya di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 6(2), 90–102.
Zuhri, K. (2021). Nilai budaya dalam pendidikan karakter anak. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Karakter.
Yunita, M. (2022). Pendidikan karakter berbasis budaya Toraja: Model pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Tesis, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Ahmad, M. (2020). Budaya lokal dalam pendidikan karakter: Perspektif pendidikan multikultural. Penerbit Andi.
Allolinggi, L. R. (2023). Model pembelajaran pendidikan karakter berbasis upacara Rambu Solo’ (PURSO) sebagai penguatan sikap gotong royong siswa sekolah dasar [Tesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia]. UPI Repository. https://repository.upi.edu
Aminah, N. (2022). Budaya lokal dan pendidikan karakter anak: Perspektif teori dan praktik. Jurnal Pendidikan Budaya, 5(1), 45–52.
Bandura, A. (2020). Social learning theory and moral development. Journal of Educational Psychology, 25(3), 142–153.
Banks, J. A. (2020). Educating citizens in a multicultural society. Journal of Educational Research, 42(3), 75–88.
Benedict, R. (2020). Cultural patterns and education. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(1), 12–24.
Berkowitz, M. W. (2021). The science of character education. Psychology Today, 14(2), 56–65.
Berkowitz, M. W., & Bier, M. C. (2005). Research-based character education. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591(1), 72–85.
Cahyo, S. (2021). Pendidikan karakter dan masyarakat Indonesia. Bandung: Penerbit Media Pustaka.
Carr, D. (2001). Moral and personal identity. International Journal of Education and Religion, 2(1), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.1163/1570-0623-90000029
Colby, A., & Damon, W. (2018). Some do care: Contemporary lives of moral commitment. The Free Press.
Corbin, J. M., & Strauss, A. (1990). Grounded theory research: Procedures, canons, and evaluative criteria. Qualitative Sociology, 13(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988593
Creswell, J. W., Plano Clark, V. L., Gutmann, M., & Hanson, W. (2003). Advanced mixed methods research designs. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research (pp. 209–240). Sage.
Damon, W. (2004). The moral child: Nurturing children’s moral development. Free Press.
Dewey, J. (2020). Experience and education. Macmillan.
Dauge, A. (1926). Audzināšana kā profesija [Upbringing as a profession]. Audzinātājs, 7–8, 165–177. https://periodika.lndb.lv/periodika2-viewer/#issue:201902
Elias, M. J., & Yuan, M. (2020). Creating coherent conceptualization and communication among character education kinfolk: Averting a “Tower of Babel”. Journal of Character Education, 16(2), 19–26.
Fahmi, M. (2021). Karakter dalam perspektif adat Toraja. Artikel Kebudayaan, 6(3), 80–85.
Fernández González, M. J. (2019a). Cultural and historical research on character and virtue education in Latvia in an international perspective. Research report. University of Latvia, Scientific Institute of Pedagogy. https://dspace.lu.lv/dspace/handle/7/46411
Fernández González, M. J. (2019b). Skolēnu morālā audzināšana Latvijas skolās [Pupils’ moral education in Latvian schools]. Popular science report. University of Latvia, Scientific Institute of Pedagogy. https://dspace.lu.lv/dspace/handle/7/46498
Fernández González, M. J., & Surikova, S. (2022). The short-term impact of a character growth intervention during a week-long summer camp among 10–15-year-old Baltic Sea region boys. Journal of Baltic Studies, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2022.2123367
Flanagan, O. (2011). The Bodhisattva’s brain: Buddhism naturalized. The MIT Press.
Fauziyah, A., & Rahmawati, L. (2023). Pendidikan karakter berbasis nilai tradisional: Studi kasus di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 20(1), 30–42.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60(7), 678–686. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678
Geertz, C. (2021). The interpretation of cultures: Selected essays. Basic Books.
Gilligan, C. (2020). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Harvard University Press.
Glock, H. J. (1986). Vygotsky and Mead on the self, meaning and internalisation. Studies in Soviet Thought, 31(2), 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01046371
Harjanto, S. (2020). Peran pendidikan karakter dalam membangun masyarakat berbudaya. Proceeding Konferensi Nasional Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Hardy, S., & Carlo, G. (2011). Moral identity: What is it, how does it develop, and is it linked to moral action? Child Development Perspectives, 5(3), 212–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00189.x
Herman, K. (2019). Character education for the 21st century: Theories, practices, and challenges. Journal of Educational Psychology, 51(3), 115–126.
Higgins-D'Alessandro, A., & Soder, J. (2001). Character education: A comprehensive guide for schools. Journal of Educational Leadership, 58(1), 22–26.
Indrawati, M. (2022). Karakter anak dalam konteks budaya lokal. Jurnal Psikologi Anak, 10(2), 80–92.
Jalal, F. (2022). Kurikulum pendidikan karakter: Implementasi dan tantangan di sekolah dasar. Penerbit Seruni.
Jansen, L. (2021). Toraja: Tradisi dan budaya. Penerbit Sinar Harapan.
Kadir, M. (2021). Character education in primary school curricula. Jakarta: Penerbit Kreasi.
Kohlberg, L. (2021). Moral development and character education. Journal of Moral Education, 45(3), 210–220.
Kurniawan, R. (2020). Pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis budaya lokal terhadap karakter siswa sekolah dasar di Toraja. Tesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Lapsley, D. K., & Narvaez, D. (2006). A social-cognitive approach to moral development. Moral Development and Reality.
Levinson, M. (2012). The moral and civic education of adolescents: A review of character education programs. Educational Psychologist, 47(1), 45–52.
Lickona, T. (2020). Character education: A new approach. Bantam Books.
Mulyani, R., & Syarif, M. (2021). Pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum nasional: Implementasi dan tantangan. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran, 14(3), 211–224.
Mulyana, D. (2020). Kearifan lokal dalam pendidikan karakter. Universitas Indonesia Press.
McGrath, C. (2020). Character education and social justice in the classroom. Journal of Moral Education, 38(2), 134–145.
McLaughlin, C., & Clarke, M. (2022). Education and cultural identity: The role of local culture in schools. International Journal of Education and Practice, 10(2), 118–131.
Miller, P. (2020). Theories of developmental psychology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Muhammad, R. (2022). Penerapan pendidikan karakter berbasis budaya lokal di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 15(2), 78–89.
Noddings, N. (2020). Character education and the role of culture. Educational Review, 72(1), 122–134.
Nasution, H. (2022). Integrasi nilai budaya dalam pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 17(2), 57–68.
Narvaez, D. (2019). The neurobiology of human development and moral character. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Narvaez, D. (2020). The neurobiology of human development and moral character. Cambridge University Press.
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Oxford University Press.
Piaget, J. (2019). The moral judgment of the child. Routledge.
Purnomo, H. (2020). Filosofi kehidupan orang Toraja dalam pendidikan karakter. Surabaya: Penerbit Media Press.
Pranata, D. (2022). Budaya dan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Budaya, 11(2), 34–44.
Prayitno, D. (2021). Budaya Toraja dalam perspektif pendidikan karakter. Makassar: Penerbit UMI Press.
Puskopdit, A. (2021). The role of local culture in curriculum development. Jakarta: Lembaga Pendidikan Nasional.
Sasmita, R. (2021). Integrasi nilai tradisional dalam kurikulum pendidikan. Artikel Pendidikan, 10(4), 134–142.
Santrock, J. W. (2021). Children's social development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Setiawan, M. (2020). Pendidikan nasional di Indonesia: Peran budaya dalam pembelajaran. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Slamet, A. (2020). The influence of cultural values on character development. Journal of Educational Research, 19(2), 220–230.
Smith, J. (2022). Learning strategies for character education. Educational Leadership, 49(1), 32–44.
Supriadi, D. (2022). Pengaruh pendidikan karakter terhadap perkembangan sosial anak. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 15–23.
Suyadi, A., & Wahyuni, D. (2023). Penguatan pendidikan karakter melalui integrasi nilai budaya lokal di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 9(1), 45–56.
Suyadi, M., & Wahyuni, S. (2023). Pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar: Pembentukan sikap positif untuk kehidupan sosial yang harmonis. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 8(4), 56–65.
Sukmadinata, N. S. (2022). Pendidikan karakter dalam tradisi lokal Indonesia. Bandung: Penerbit Remaja Rosdakarya.
Suwarni, P. (2021). Integrasi nilai budaya dalam pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar: Studi kasus di Sulawesi Selatan. Disertasi, Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Suwarni, T. (2022). Budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran karakter di sekolah dasar. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Tharp, R. G., & Gallimore, R. (2003). Rumbo Solo: Cultural learning and its implications for character education. University of California Press.
Vygotsky, L. S. (2021). Thought and language. MIT Press.
Widyastuti, E. (2023). Budaya lokal dan pendidikan karakter: Menumbuhkan identitas budaya pada siswa. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Widyastuti, S. (2023). Peran budaya lokal dalam pembentukan karakter anak di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 10(3), 112–124.
Yusuf, H. (2021). Penerapan nilai-nilai budaya lokal dalam pembelajaran karakter di sekolah. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 14(1), 45–59.
Zuhdi, M. (2020). Pendidikan karakter dengan pendekatan budaya di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 6(2), 90–102.
Zuhri, K. (2021). Nilai budaya dalam pendidikan karakter anak. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Karakter.
Yunita, M. (2022). Pendidikan karakter berbasis budaya Toraja: Model pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Tesis, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Published
2025-05-31
How to Cite
Allolinggi, L. R., & Maminiaina. (2025). The Influence of the Character-Oriented Rambu Solo’ Ceremony-Based Learning Model (Purso) on Improving Learning Outcomes in Civics Education. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 6(3), 880-889. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v6i3.845
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